Take Home Messages:

Effective treatments for mechanical neck problems include:

• Exercises, such as stretching, strengthening and eye-fixation exercises; combined with
• Mobilisation, when the treating practitioner physically mobilises the joints; or
• Manipulation, a more rigorous version of mobilisation.

Why the research matters:

Neck problems are common and a source of burden for both the individual and society. Exercises are often used to treat mechanical neck problems, however their effectiveness has undergone little investigation.

What the research involved:

This study reviewed the literature on the effectiveness of exercise therapy in relieving pain, or improving function, disability, patient satisfaction and overall wellbeing in adults with neck problems.

A search of the literature was performed to identify the available literature on the topic, which was then analysed and collated to create a summary of the topic. Thirty-one studies were reviewed by the study.

Summary of research findings:

• There is strong evidence showing that exercise combined with mobilisations or manipulations is beneficial, both in the short and long term, for the treatment of subacute and chronic mechanical neck problems with or without headache. This treatment led to a reduction in pain, improved functioning, and an improved sense of wellbeing.
• There is some evidence suggesting that strengthening, stretching and strengthening or eye-fixation exercises may be helpful in treating neck disorders with headache.
• There is some evidence suggesting that active range-of-motion exercises or a home exercise program may be of benefit in treating acute mechanical neck problems including whiplash.
• There is some evidence showing that an eye-fixation program is beneficial for chronic mechanical neck problems.
• It is unclear whether a stretching and strengthening program is beneficial in treating chronic mechanical neck problems.

Original research:

Exercises for mechanical neck disorders.

Kay TM, Gross A, Goldsmith C, Santaguida PL, Hoving J, Bronfort G; Cervical Overview Group.

Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005 Jul 20;(3)

Link to PubMed abstract