Take Home Message:

Workplaces which organise PE programs are able to reduce both the number and cost of compensation claims. This is because ergonomic reforms are introduced which are specifically suited to particular work environments. PE interventions have a positive impact on musculoskeletal symptoms, claims and time off work. However, the exact scope of their effect needs further investigation.

Why the research matters:

Participatory ergonomic (PE) interventions and programs are often used to reduce work-related musculoskeletal disorders in workplaces. An ergonomics team is trained in ergonomics and then uses this knowledge to improve their workplace.  The team is usually made up of: 

• Employees;
• Managers;
• Health professionals;
• Ergonomists;
• Safety personnel; and
• Research experts.

This research assesses the effectiveness of PE programs.

What the research involved:

Researchers from the Institute for Work and Health, Canada, 2007, reviewed 23 articles of which 12 showed PE interventions having a positive impact on musculoskeletal symptoms by reducing: 

• Injuries;
• Workers' compensation claims; and
• Sick leave.
  

Summary of research findings:

By working together to improve workplace conditions through participation, communication and group problem-solving, a PE intervention can improve workers' health (Haines et al., 2002).
Changes to the physical design of equipment and the workplace can be implemented. Some examples of possible changes as a result of PE consultation are: 

• Changes in work tasks, job teams and work organisation;
• Changes in employee exercise programs;
• Improvement in the physical surroundings;
• Improved maintenance procedures for existing equipment;
• New rooms for tea breaks; and
• Working with a supplier to change the glue/chemicals used in existing packaging.

One of the biggest improvements was shown in the Halpern and Dawson, 1997 study, where the intervention group achieved an 85% reduction in the total number of claims with an 83% reduction in costs per claim from $31,846 to $5,500.

This was achieved for a group of sewers who through their PE program were able to make improvements to their:

• Workstations;
• Tools;
• Process flow;
• Employee exercise and stretching program; and
• Posture.
  

Original research:

Effectiveness of Participatory Ergonomic Interventions on Health Outcomes : A Systematic Review.
Rivilis I, Van Eerd D, Cullen K, et al.
Applied Ergonomics 2008;39:342-58.

Link to PubMed abstract